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Buddhist ethics (discipline)
Buddhist ethics as an academic discipline is relatively new, blossoming in the mid-1990s.〔This is a contestable point. The reason that the "mid-1990s" is stated is due to the sharp increase in activity in the field at that time: the publication of the first systematic study of the topic, the founding of the first academic journal devoted to the topic, and an American Academy of Religion panel (Philadelphia, 20 November 1995) devoted to "Revisioning Buddhist Ethics". Before this short span, there were ventures into Buddhist ethics, but no period marks such a dramatic "burst" in academic activity as the mid-1990s.〕 Much like Critical Buddhism and Buddhist modernism, it is a result of recent exchanges of Eastern and Western thought. While generally thought of as a sub-field of Buddhist studies, the discipline of Buddhist ethics draws together history, philosophy, religious studies, anthropology, and more in an attempt to understand what may be the fundamental question of Buddhism: how ought man live?〔Keown, Damien (1992). ''The Nature of Buddhist Ethics'', p. 1.〕
Specific work has been produced on Buddhist ethics dating back to the 1920s. Early descriptive accounts of Buddhist ethics include Tachibana’s ''Ethics of Buddhism'' (1926), focused on Theravādin ethics, and Poussin’s ''La Morale Bouddhique'' (1927), based on Mahāyāna texts. Other early authors that expressed interest in Buddhist ethics include Caroline Augusta Foley Rhys Davids and Isaline Blew Horner. In 1979 the ''Journal of Religious Studies'' featured a section devoted to the study of Theravādin ethics. featuring four prominent scholars in Buddhist studies.〔(1979 Vol. 7 (1) pp.1-64)〕
== History ==
Buddhist ethics emerged as an academic discipline in 1992, with the publication of Damien Keown's book ''The Nature of Buddhist Ethics''. His subsequent co-founding of the ''Journal of Buddhist Ethics'' in 1994 further solidified the birth of a new field in the discipline of Buddhist studies. Prior to Keown's book, only a handful of books and articles existed that attempted to delve into the questions of a specifically Buddhist ethic. Even more daunting, however, has been the separation of 'ethics' from the rest of Buddhism. Buddhism has been called an eminently ethical religion. It has also been argued, by Keown and others, that the very question the Buddha sought to answer was a purely ethical one, namely, "the perennial problem of the best kind of life for man to lead."〔Keown, Damien (1992). ''The Nature of Buddhist Ethics'', p. 1.〕
In October 2011 Columbia University hosted the first conference dedicated solely to Buddhist ethics entitled (Contemporary Perspectives on Buddhist Ethics ).
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